Colon cancer is a condition that affects the large intestine (colon). Small, benign clumps of cells called polyps form inside the colon, and over time, some of these polyps become cancerous. This condition is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the country; an estimated 53,200 individuals lost their lives due to the disease last year, and the number is expected to increase. It usually affects older adults.
Risk factors for colon cancer
The exact cause of colon cancer hasn’t been identified; however, certain risk factors can increase one’s chance of developing the disease. These are mentioned below:
- Old age
The risk of developing colon cancer increases with age. That said, the incidence of the condition in younger adults has seen a steady rise in recent years, but it’s still an uncommon disease in young people. - Family history of the disease
One in three cases of colon cancer is of those who have a history of the disease in their family. This is especially true when individuals are diagnosed with the condition before 60. The risk is even greater if multiple members of the family have the disease. - Diabetes
Studies have found a link between colon cancer and type 2 diabetes. Obesity, which is closely associated with diabetes, also increases the chances of one developing colon cancer. - Certain inherited genes
Although rare, inherited genes can be a risk factor for colon cancer. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome are two such genetic mutations passed down by parents that increase the likelihood of one being diagnosed with the condition. - Poor diet
A diet low in fiber and high in fats and calories is detrimental for the body and increases the risk of various diseases, including colon cancer. Processed meat and fast foods, which make up a major part of such a diet, contain toxic compounds like calcium sulfate and phosphate additives, which are harmful for the body. - Smoking
Smoke allows the free radicals to change DNA makeup and kill the healthy cells in the body. This increases the number of unhealthy cells in the system, which can lead to colon cancer. Studies have also shown that those who smoke are more likely to die from the condition than nonsmokers. - Prevention
A few tips may lower a person’s risk of colon cancer. These are mentioned below: - Exercise regularly
Those who are not active are at greater risk of colon cancer. So making exercise an important part of the daily routine will keep one healthy. - Diet and weight management
Obesity not just increases one’s risk of colon cancer but various other problems as well. A diet rich in fiber and low in red meat may help bring down the risk of colon cancer. Studies have found that those who take calcium and vitamin D supplements have a lower risk of developing the condition. Having a wholesome diet and exercising regularly will build the immune system and help fight diseases.
